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Moringa oleifera: A tree that grows up to 9 meters high and provides well-being
October 12, 2023
Moringa oleifera is a deciduous tree in the Moringaceae family.
Originally from the northwest region of India, it now thrives throughout India, in the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia and Central to South America.
The ideal conditions for the growth of Moringa are characterized by temperatures between 25°C and 35°C, although this species can also tolerate more extreme conditions, both very high temperatures (up to 48°C) and colder climates, if only for short periods of time (1).
The Moringa tree can reach a height of up to 9 meters and is characterized by a cork-gray bark and a dense canopy consisting of bi- or tri-lobed leaves that also serves as a windbreak (2).
Thanks to the high content of useful and phytotherapeutic substances, especially vitamins and minerals, almost all parts of the moringa tree - leaves, seeds and pods - can be prepared as food.
The leaves (also edible raw) are dried to make infusions or teas, or they are used for cosmetic formulations and dietary supplements (3).
The seeds can be used to extract sweet oil used in various applications and to make pasta to purify drinking water (4).
Moringa plants also have a positive impact on the ecosystem by limiting soil erosion and improving air quality. Each plant can absorb up to 23 kg of CO2 per year (5).
6 things you should know about Moringa, a tree with more than 400 names.
In Italian, moringa is also known as the "horseradish tree" due to the taste of the roots.
The same applies to English (horseradish treee radish tree), French (arbre radis du cheval) and Dutch (peperwortel).
An early 19th-century botanical dictionary contains, among others, several names that are no longer in use today, including "sandalo ceruleo" and "balano mirepsico." In addition, it is also referred to as "noce behen" and "noce di bene". It is not surprising that today the oil from the seeds of the moringa tree is also called "behen oil" or "ben oil".
There are still alternative names for the moringa tree in various European languages, which refer to the oily seed extract: Bèn ailé, Benzolive and Ben oléifère (French), West Indian Ben (English), Behenbaum, Behenussbaum or Bennussbaum (German), Árbol del ben (Spanish) and Ben boom (Dutch).
In South America, where the plant is widespread, there are numerous variants of the name "Moringa": Maranga, Marango, Marangon, Maranjo, Morenga, Marengua, Narango and Maranga calalu.
In Africa, the plant is also called "Albero del Paradiso" in Burkina Faso and "Albero della Purificazione" in Sudan.
The names of the curious ones are "Mother's Best Friend" and "Idagbo monoyé," which is a Nigerian name that signifies "albero che cresce impazzito"(8).
Growing a Moringa tree: Avoid waterlogging
The Moringa tree grows fairly quickly and thrives even in dry periods. It can be grown on poor and less fertile soils.
The plant is capable of producing leaves even during the dry season, providing a valuable alternative to fresh vegetables when these are in short supply.
The Moringa tree's high heat and drought tolerance requires well-drained soils to prevent waterlogging from forming.
Moringa tree, does it also grow in Europe?
Although Moringa is not typical of the continent, it can also be grown in Europe, provided there are suitable climatic and hydrogeological conditions.
An excellent example of this are the RedMoringa plantations, which have been growing moringa plants in the Canary Islands and the south of Spain since 2019, in compliance with the European standard for organic cultivation.
Where can you buy a Moringa tree?
If you want to grow a Moringa plant at home, you can purchase a germination kit from the RedMoringa shop, taking into account the necessary conditions. The instructions can then be followed to prepare the soil for sowing and to carry out irrigation properly.